by David Shams
“Imagine a positive relationship with Iran. Imagine what that might mean for the Middle East,” former US Congressman Jim Slattery said on Monday in remarks to the Atlantic Council here in Washington, DC.
Slattery, who represented Kansas’ 2nd District from 1983 to 1995, recently returned from a trip to Iran where he had been invited to address the World Against Violent Extremism conference, an initiative of President Hassan Rouhani. The former congressman has been heavily involved for the past decade in a “Track 2” diplomatic initiative called the Abrahamic Dialogue, which is based at Catholic University of America.
Slattery’s trip was historic in that it was the first time a former or current elected U.S. official has traveled to Iran. Despite the unprecedented nature of the visit, his trip has received little public or media attention to date.
In his remarks at the Council, Slattery called on both the Iranian government and the Obama administration to do more to facilitate “Track 2” diplomacy. “We don’t do what we should be doing to encourage direct dialogue between members of the Majlis and members of Congress,” he said.
Slattery’s Observations
“I agree with [Chairman of the U.S. Joint Chiefs of Staff] Gen. [Martin] Dempsey, who has said they [the Iranian leadership] are rational,” Slattery said, adding that it was critical that they be engaged in a respectful manner given the fact that, for well over the past century, Iran was under the influence of foreign powers—Russia, the UK, and the US.
“If you want to engage Iranians, it’s very easy. You preface any conversation with ‘help me understand’ whatever it is you want to talk about,” Slattery suggested.
He also sought to dispel the myth that Iran is unsafe for Americans by comparing his time in Iran to his time as an election observer in Iraq. While in Iraq he was forced to travel with 15 bodyguards and five armored vehicles, in Iran he was able to walk the streets freely and even spent time in Tehran’s famous bazaar where he was able to easily engage with shoppers and shopkeepers.
“I felt perfectly safe in Iran,” Slattery said.
Like President Dwight Eisenhower, another Kansan, Slattery believes in the power of people-to- people diplomacy. The relationships that are built through such interactions can be helpful if a crisis arises.
On the nuclear negotiations front, Slattery “detected a great flexibility on the part of the Iranians on technical enrichment issues.” But that flexibility was “tied to sanctions relief and when they’ll be lifted.”
“The Rouhani government really wants to get this right,” Slattery maintains. It believes a deal would allow both sides to quickly address wider regional issues. But he’s also aware that there are parties on both sides that can scuttle a deal. He’s wary that there’s a rush to prejudge the deal, especially when the deal itself hasn’t been struck yet and, in any event, no specific details have been released.
Signaling an End of an Era
While Slattery’s trip doesn’t necessarily herald any immediate changes, it hints at the possibility for more trips by former or current U.S. officials down the road, according to Negar Mortazavi, a New York-based Iranian-American journalist. This would allow for a deeper and more developed engagement between Iranians and Americans on a “Track 2” level.
“This is a signal from the Iranian government that the era of hostage taking is over,” Mortazavi told me in a telephone interview.
But the move from inviting Slattery, who is already well known to Iranians as a result of his association with the Abrahamic Dialogue, to inviting other former officials isn’t likely to materialize overnight. Before anything can happen, a nuclear deal is probably essential. And that remains uncertain.
It’s also important that Slattery is from Kansas, she explained. “Kansas is a portion of the country that doesn’t have easy access to regular interaction with the Middle East, much less Iran.” Slattery’s experience in Iran gives that portion of America the opportunity to start to understand Iran.
At the moment, Americans are still far behind Iranians in their knowledge of the “Other.” On the Iranian side, there’s a much larger pool of experience of traveling and living in the US. This was illustrated by Slattery’s own experience in traveling to Iran.
When Slattery went to obtain a visa from the Iranian Interest Section at the Pakistani Embassy in Washington, DC, two of the three interviewers he met with had studied at Kansas State University. And on his first night in Tehran, he dined with Iran’s deputy nuclear negotiator, Majid Ravanchi, who had attended the University of Kansas while Slattery was in Congress.
Mohammad Javad Zarif, Iran’s foreign minister, studied at San Francisco State University (BA, MA) and the University of Denver (PhD).
“One of the sad realities is that very few members of Congress and the Obama administration have personal relationships with Iranians,” Slattery lamented. (Valerie Jarrett, senior advisor to President Obama, was born in Iran, but left when she was five years old.
“Americans are in a kind of black box when it comes to experience with Iranian culture. There aren’t any in Congress with the same kind of deep immersion in Iran that some Iranian officials have with America,” Mortazavi said, echoing Slattery’s sentiment. “They’re still stuck with the 80’s vision of Revolutionary Iran.”
But Slattery’s visit does “chip away at the barrier between the countries that enabled so much mistrust, misinformation, and animosity,” remarked Jamal Abdi, policy director at the National Iranian American Council, a pro-diplomacy advocacy group.
Impact on Current Debate
There’s no doubt that “Track 2” initiatives are helpful in building bridges and jumpstarting peace efforts. But there are limits.
“I don’t think his visit will convince the most reflexively anti-Iran diplomacy lawmakers to reconsider new sanctions,” Abdi told me.
That’s a concern with “Track 2” initiatives. Once they get going, they may produce a great deal of promising ideas, but the question lies more with implementation. It’s up to the people who participate. But if there’s no mechanism to implement the suggested initiatives, the process won’t get far.
“You have to ask: who can put the ideas into the policy bloodstream, who can implement the proposals?” Matt Duss, president of the Foundation for Middle East Peace, explains.
Although the former congressman may not be able to directly affect the debate, Abdi thinks that Slattery’s experience “can help encourage lawmakers who are on the fence start rethinking what’s possible for US-Iran relations.”
But if we learn anything, politics, much like physics, will always have an opposing force. There will be groups that are unhappy no matter the outcome. That goes for both the US and Iran.
At the moment, it remains to be seen how Slattery’s experience will be used to push back on the pro-sanctions/anti-diplomacy caucus in Congress. What we do know is that a pathway for more interaction on a “Track 2” level has opened. And the likelihood of more visits like Slattery’s has increased.
David Shams holds a BA in Political Science from Murray State University and an MA in Diplomacy from the University of Kentucky’s Patterson School of Diplomacy and International Commerce. He is currently a freelance journalist and comments frequently on soccer, the Iranian-American community, and US Middle East Policy. He tweets @davidshamsky and blogs at thewashingtonmiddleeastobserver.com
Interesting read. Exchanging viewpoints/information, this is what is sorely needed today, not the old cold war mentality that’s prevalent in the Congress as well as the public domain. At some point, the mindset needs to realize that Netanyahoo’s view is the wrong way. Allowing one nutcase to dictate the game plan for the M.E. is in itself, nuts. I wonder, how would the congressional stooges act if the P.O.T.U.S. was a Repuglicon and mirrored “O”? Would they be stumbling all over each other to damn him? Lessons learned, but not put into practice. Wont see any lineup of those who will cheer Netanyahoo if the settlement is scuttled and the M.E. really comes unglued. How quickly they will forget.
“Like President Dwight Eisenhower, another Kansan, Slattery believes in the power of people-to- people diplomacy.” What an incorrect assessment, given the MI6-CIA 1953 military coup d’etat was during Eisenhower’s presidency. Since when an arrogant and bloody violation of a nation’s sovereignty has been a ‘people-to-people’ diplomacy?!
1-We Iranians have become the round the clock focus of the major Western spy satellites and news agencies while massacre of innocent people in Iraq and Palestine and Syria and Afghanistan and Bahrain and elsewhere has become their insignificant daily news. Western spies and their contacts in Iran constantly feed the State Department with the most up-to-date information about our lives, our suffering, our resources and military capabilities; the US is also well informed about our history and culture. Still not satisfied with the information?!
For decades we have been paying heavy penalties for having said no to the US Imperialism, and been subjected to the same collective punishment as were the Vietnamese: 8 years of a genocidal war followed by indiscriminate economic sanctions and demonising western state sponsored propagandas and terrorism. Do we still need the US lawmakers to come to study us from close?! What an unprecedented historic hypocrisy! How many more Iranian families should be denied existence; how many more orphans and premature deaths due to inflation/malnutrition or lack of affordable medicine; how many more decades of slow genocide in the name of American international laws would satisfy the US Presidents?
Damn the US lawmakers who feed on our sufferings; damn their moral principles and their publicists who feed on our daily suffering, funeral processions, tears and traumas.
2- The main obstacle in the US-Iran relation is not the lack of contact or reliable information about Iran, but the absence of an ‘independent’ Congress and ‘independent’ mainstream media in the US whose integrity would not allow their warmongering elite oblige them to continue to mislead the American public and the world. It is the absence of transparency and accountability and an informed American public, in whose name decades of murderous atrocities have been committed leading to the loss of millions of innocent people, yet they are not allowed to confront the shocking facts about their own contemporary history and the criminality of their iconic leaders, liberating strategic planners and sanctimonious lawmakers.
No, we do not need American lawmakers to visit Iran. We need a ‘cultural revolution’ within the American institutions to end the decades of the US and the UN hypocrisies that have left millions dead, wounded, displaced and traumatized all over the Middle East.
Again Khosrow hits it. Is Slattery stupid or just naive?
The US has waged a form of war on Iran for decades, including government overthrow, assassinations, cyber-attacks and crippling economic sanctions, all of which Slattery ought to be familiar with. And don’t forget the incessant threat “all options are on the table.” –We have nukes and we know how to use them.
But Slattery says: ““If you want to engage Iranians, it’s very easy. You preface any conversation with ‘help me understand’ whatever it is you want to talk about.”
Slattery needs to read what the Supreme Leader has said about the U.S.
“They think that because they imposed sanctions on Iran, it was forced to come to the negotiating table. But this was not the case. . . .Their enmity and incapability has become clear and they are desperately trying to do this and that in the present time. Their political personalities, their newspapers and their political parties are showing their personal and old grudges, as they have shown it over the last 30 years with different words and statements. The issue of human rights, the issue of Islam and the issue of our commitment to religious principles are issues which they always complain about. Everyone has the right to speak about human rights except for the Americans because they have been the greatest violators of human rights not only in the past, but also in the present time.”