by Paul R. Pillar
The Pew Research Center released last week the results of one of its periodic surveys of global views of the United States and its leadership and policies. More than 40,000 people were polled in 37 countries across six continents between February and May. The most salient finding is a dramatic drop in confidence in the United States and, more specifically, in the current U.S. leadership.
When asked about “confidence in the U.S. president to do the right thing in world affairs,” 22 percent of those surveyed expressed confidence in Donald Trump and 74 percent expressed no confidence. This is a huge reversal from the last time the same question was asked about Barack Obama late in his presidency, in which 64 percent expressed confidence and 23 percent no confidence.
The rapidity as well as the magnitude of the change is striking. Trump’s numbers approach those of George W. Bush near the end of his presidency, but in Bush’s case those depths were reached only after a long decline during his two terms. Trump has managed to bum people out around the world during his first four months in office.
In only two of the 37 countries surveyed was there an increase in confidence in the U.S. president since that last poll taken during Obama’s presidency. One is Israel, with a modest rise from 49 to 56 percent, although the latter figure is still slightly below the average for all five Pew polls taken during Obama’s tenure. A bigger rise is in Russia, where the figure of 53 percent having confidence in Trump is higher than any of the results in Russia for either Bush or Obama. These results are not surprising in view of the deference Trump has shown to the governments of those two countries. The Pew survey did not include any Gulf Arab countries, but if it had there perhaps would also have been a rise in the numbers, for the same reason, in Saudi Arabia.
The overall results are not surprising either, in view of the many other indications of foreign popular sentiment toward Trump and his administration, as well as similar expressions from foreign leaders. The latter have included, for example, statements from the chancellor of Germany and the Canadian foreign minister reflecting a lack of confidence in Trump’s leadership.
Although not surprising, the importance of the poll results for the success or failure of U.S. foreign policy and the advance or decline of U.S. interests is insufficiently appreciated within the United States. The problems are not limited to the chemistry between leaders that seems to get the most press attention at summit meetings, or to Trump’s boorish behavior, which has become a fixture at such meetings. Nor are they limited to the broader perceptions of Trump personally, as striking as those perceptions are. As documented by the Pew survey, there is less confidence in Trump to do the right thing than in Xi Jinping of China or Vladimir Putin of Russia. The three adjectives that respondents most attached to Trump were “arrogant,” “intolerant,” and “dangerous.”
The Pew results suggest broader difficulties by showing that the standing of the United States itself has fallen with the advent of Trump. Compared with the last such poll during Obama’s presidency, favorable views of the United States dropped from 64 to 49 percent and unfavorable views rose from 26 to 39 percent.
The Trumpian slogan of “America first” tends to disguise the larger implications of such results. Set aside for the moment the falsity of that slogan, given that subcontracting segments of foreign policy to the Israelis or Saudis (or glossing over whatever Russia may be up to) is not putting America first. The slogan, and the set of attitudes underlying it, implies a nonchalance about foreign attitudes and a belief that Americans need not care what foreigners think. That belief misses much of how foreign attitudes and perceptions, which influence foreign government policies, can affect, for good or for ill, U.S. objectives.
Successful foreign policy involves getting other states to act in ways that advance or protect the interests of one’s own state. To the extent that the people and policymakers in those other states have “confidence in the U.S. president to do the right thing in world affairs,” they are more likely to act in the way the U.S. president would like them to act. Lacking such confidence, they are that much less likely to act in accordance with U.S. wishes. This principle applies regardless of the content of U.S. policy and grand strategy. It is the reason the plunge in this kind of confidence from late Obama to early Trump is important.
The survey results also provide perspective on criticisms and standards applied to previous administrations. Criticisms of Obama about supposedly surrendering U.S. leadership look especially strange now, considering what has come after him.
Photo of Donald Trump by Michael Vadon via Flickr.
“subcontracting segments of foreign policy to the Israelis or Saudis (or glossing over whatever Russia may be up to) is not putting America first”.
America needs an aggressive agent among the Arabs in the Middle East, including ‘an existential threat’ Iran, in order to maintain the deep sense of insecurity among its unpopular subservient clients, and in effect increase the Arabs’ dependence on American military and political support. After all they comprise an important part of the global arms deals in which both the US and UK are great suppliers. The tribal distrust among the Arabs further enforces their dependence on the American support. Therefore, ‘America First’ does depend on America’s amoral strategies in the Middle East.
“Successful foreign policy involves getting other states to act in ways that advance or protect the interests of one’s own state”
It is such narrow, arrogant, inadequate definitions that have shamelessly sanctioned the Europeans’ and Americans’ ruthless manipulation, intimidation, exploitation and mass murder of weaker nations. It is this dehumanising Western ‘obsession’ with the conception of ‘success’ or ends justifies the means that has been the underlying force of moralisation of genocide in the Africa, Middle East and Asia. And it is these self-serving Western claims that American politicians should be the main players of world affairs to dictate and patronise other nations – a revival of the doomed Western colonial mentality and Orientalism – that breed deep resentment and violence.
There was an implicit bargain between the electorate and the political establishment, especially since the end of the Cold War. We let you strut at summits and overseas conferences in exchange for freedom and prosperity at home. Enough people in enough critical electoral districts considered the deal broken that we pulled your card in the last election. You won’t be getting it back easily and by the time you do the world will have changed greatly.
Worry about what foreign countries think about us? Why not. But worry much more about what a large segment of America thinks of you.
Why is it the nations with PEW survey plummeting views of the U.S. are also the nations wanting U.S. money the most, e.g. Europeans wanting B$ for the Paris environmental accords and continuing welfare of rich Europeans in the form of NATO?
Could it be the U.S. isn’t as popular now that it’s saying it will no longer be a source of free money for the European socialist to spend?
This President is So UNSTABLE and FRIGHTENING that under ordinary circumstances (if there is such-a-thing) this could almost work in the favor of the USA (see Richard Nixon as an example) internationally. However this President happens to be Extraordinarily STUPID (no I do not exaggerate or take Literary License here) that any advantage we could garner from this is thrown to waste. Here’s to hoping the FBI finds much dirty laundry on him and he is IMPEACHED