What Does Kazakhstan’s New Military Doctrine Reveal About Relations With Russia?

by Deirdre Tynan  Without much ado, Kazakhstan adopted a new military doctrine in September, replacing a 2011 document that had become dated. The new document states that Kazakhstan does not have enemies. Yet, Astana seems alarmed enough by Russia’s aggressive… Continue Reading

Kazakhstan: Is New Military Doctrine Response to Russia or the West?

by Almaz Kumenov  In late September, Kazakhstan adopted its fifth military doctrine. The document outlines a shift in strategic thinking that seems, at least in part, designed to respond to potential threats emanating from Kazakhstan’s neighbor and ally, Russia —… Continue Reading