Armenia: Will Murders Bring Change to Ties with Russia?

by Marianna Grigoryan

A little over a year ago, the northwestern Armenian city of Gyumri, home to Russia’s 102nd army base, welcomed Russian President Vladimir Putin to town with pomp, circumstance, and waving flags. Now, protesters in the town are trampling Russian flags underfoot instead.

Armenia’s inability to secure the custody of a Russian conscript charged with the January-12 murder of six members of a local family – the youngest just two years old – contributed to this change of mood. Although Armenian General Prosecutor Gevorg Kostanian has stated that the defendant, Private Valery Permyakov, will face trial in Armenia, which authority will conduct the trial remains unclear:  a Russian military tribunal at the 102nd base, where Permyakov is being held, or an Armenian court.

The lack of a clear answer to this question is jeopardizing the strong historical ties between Armenia, Moscow’s strongest ally in the South Caucasus, and Russia, local analysts say.

Late on January 15, hours after the Avetisian family’s funeral, clashes with police broke out outside the Russian consulate in Gyumri as hundreds of protesters tried to enter the building to demand that Permyakov be handed over to Armenian law-enforcement and tried in an Armenian court.

At least 13 people reportedly were hospitalized as a result of the scuffle, and around a dozen, including journalists and human-rights activists, were arrested.

Russia claims that it has the right to try Permyakov since he had deserted from the Gyumri base. Armenian government representatives have been allowed into the 102nd army base to confirm his presence in a solitary confinement-cell, RFE/RL reported. They have said that they would pass on protesters’ concerns to Russian officials.

But many Armenians aren’t buying it. Families are arguably the most sacred of social institutions in this tiny country of just under three million people. That status exists elsewhere in the region, too, but in Armenia, the tough-knocks survivor of war, alleged genocide and vast migration, it exercises a particular pull.

Threats to families may come from neighboring Azerbaijan or Turkey, the country’s traditional enemies, but are not expected to come from Russia, Armenia’s longtime bodyguard.

For 65-year-old engineer Hrant Hambardzumian, the fact that the Armenian government does not collect a fee from Russia for its Gyumri-base and paid it 20.5-million drams (about $50,000) in November for incurred expenses makes the murder of the Avetisian family an insult as well as a tragedy.

“Is this the security promised by the government, when your family is slaughtered while sleeping at home?” scoffed Hambardzumian, a resident of the capital, Yerevan.

“This is a fight for personal security,” commented human-rights activist Arthur Sakunts, an outspoken government-critic. “This is a case when everyone feels threatened in their own homes, in their own country.”

That sense of insecurity ultimately could lead to a change in Armenians’ receptiveness toward a tight strategic partnership with Russia, predicted Richard Giragosian, director of Yerevan’s Regional Studies Center. “[I]t seems clear that this incident and the way the Russian military handles it, may become a turning point for the traditionally loyal and subservient Russian ally, Armenia,” he said.

The incident in Gyumri is not the first, however. In 1999, two drunken Russian servicemen based at Gyumri, Denis Popov and Alexander Kamenev, opened fire on random passers-by, killing at least two people and injuring another ten. Then, the two men were tried in Armenia, where Popov was sentenced to 14 years in prison and Kamenev to 15.

Whether or not the two served their entire terms in Armenia is unclear. In an interview published on January 16 with News.am, Popov’s lawyer, Tamara Yailoian claimed that her former client had been transferred to Russia “after two to three years,” and, “we later learned, set free.”

Russian officials were not immediately available to comment on her allegations.

Russia’s ambassador to Armenia, Ivan Volynkin, has pledged an “objective” investigation into the Avetisians’ murders, but called on locals not to “politicize” their deaths, the state-run Russian news agency ITAR-TASS reported.

The spokesperson for the ruling Republican Party of Armenia, Eduard Sharmazanov, ducking accusations that Yerevan fears Moscow, has implied the same.

“A tragedy has occurred, and we should not be looking for enemies [involved] in it in our country,” Sharmazanov said, Tert.am reported. “It does not stem from the people’s interests.”

But with officials otherwise mute (“as mute as fish,” opined Hambardzumian), some see the government’s statements as intended primarily to serve their own interests rather than to secure a trial for Permyakov in an Armenian court.

Anger over the Gyumri murders is building on wariness about Armenia’s economic ties with Russia; namely, the loss of remittances from migrants there after the sharp drop in the ruble’s value in 2014, and the subsequent spike in retail prices in Armenia. The downturn occurred just as Armenia was preparing to enter Moscow’s Eurasian Economic Union on January 2.
But Russian Ambassador Volynkin emphasized that Armenian-Russian ties will survive this downturn.

Some Armenian analysts agree. “The emotional must be separated from the military-political” in evaluating Yerevan’s relationship with Russia, advised Sergei Minasian, head of the political studies program at Yerevan’s Caucasus Institute.

While Russia does not pay Yerevan for use of the Gyumri base, it does sell Armenia gas, weapons and military material at below-market prices, Minasian noted.

That’s not enough to convince Ruben Mehrabian, an analyst at the Armenian Center for National and International Studies. Relations between Armenia and Russia are now so “deformed and ugly,” he commented, that they “have to be recalibrated.”

This article was first printed by EurasiaNet and was reprinted here with permission. Copyright EurasiaNet.

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4 Comments

  1. Let’s not jump to conclusions about the future of Russian-Armenian relations on account of this tragic incident. This was an isolated incident committed by a possibly mentally unbalanced young conscript. With ever present threats to their national security from Azerbaijan, Turkey and jihadist terrorists, and the less than unequivocal support of NATO and the US (especially with Western oil and gas interests, and Israel as a US proxy and on its own account, in a close embrace with Baku), I don’t expect Armenians will reject the one country that is protecting it, and that is in the best military and political position to do so.

  2. Letting the justice run its course, seems to be the prudent way to approach this. All things considered, the protesters, were energized, but by the stated reason or from outside interests? Anything to stir the pot, seems more likely, though this is just IMHO.

  3. I do want to thank lobelog for allowing comments.

    The Turkish Genocide of the Armenians is not an “alleged genocide” as the author repeatedly suggests, but rather it is an established fact.

    It is too simplistic to conclude that while the killing of the Avetisian family is very horrible, it this will translate into sustained anti-Russian sentiment in Armenia. Some Armenians may not buy this or that and others have wild conspiracy theories. All this must be separated from the immediate and medium term interests of Armenia that few bother to state. Some analysts state, “[this] may become a turning point for the traditionally loyal and subservient Russian ally”. A turning point to what? Such relationships are not zero sum. A replacement for the current Armenian-Russian dynamic would have to provide at a bare minimum: seamless replacement of military, economic and security infrastructures. Let’s look at the most simplistic questions: Who is going to replace Gazprom in Armenia when the “turning point arrives”? Azerbaijan? If Armenia wants to keep its heaters running it cannot do so while simultaneously keeping Karabakh, regardless of it being an Armenian homeland. What will replace the over 40% of lost electricity when Rosatom shuts off Armenia’s Metsamor nuclear power station? Nobody. Who is going to man Armenia’s western border? Turks, of course.

    Yerevan, Armenia

  4. Mr. Davitian- Thank you for your excellent comment. This reader concurs wholeheartedly.

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